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SHIP DESCRIPTIONS - A
A Descriptions AA to AQ | AR
to AV
Please note that ships often changed hands and names
many times. If an entry is just the name of the vessel followed by a
"see..." then that vessel was renamed and you will find the full history
under the redirected name.
AACHEN 1895
3,833 gross tons, length 355.3ft x 43.7ft (108.29m x 13.31m), one funnel,
two masts, single screw, speed 13 knots. Accommodation for 28-2nd and
1,045-3rd class passengers. Built by AG Vulcan, Stettin for North
German Lloyd, Bremen, she was launched on 5th Apr.1895 and started
her maiden voyage from Bremen for Montevideo and Buenos Aires on 15th
June 1895. On 12th Jan.1896 she started her first Bremen - New York voyage
and on 9th Nov.1896 made her first Bremen - Baltimore sailing. Her 12th
and last North Atlantic sailing started on 17th Jun.1897 when she sailed
from Bremen for Baltimore and she then transferred back to South America
sailings in Aug.1897. In 1900-1901 she was used as a military transport
to China during the Boxer Rebellion, also in 1904 during an uprising in
German Southwest Africa, but otherwise continued on the South America
route until 1914. Transferred to the German Navy, she was sunk by the
British submarine E-1 at position 57.31N 19.18E while operating as minesweeper
SPERRBRECHER 10 between Libau and Gotland. There were five deaths.[South
Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor] [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor,
vol.2] [Norddeutscher Lloyd, Bremen by Edwin Drechsel]
ABA / GLENAPP / MATRONA 1918
The ABA was a 7,937 gross ton passenger ship, 450ft x 55.8ft,
twin screw motor ship, speed 14 knots, accommodation for 225-1st, 70-2nd
and 70-3rd class passengers. Laid down in 1916 by Barclay, Curle & Co.,
Glasgow for the Imperial Russian Government, work was suspended when
the October Revolution occurred and she was taken over by the Shipping
Controller. Completed Sep.1918 as a funnelless, four masted cargo ship
and named GLENAPP for the Glen Line (McGregor,
Gow & Holland). 1920 purchased
by the British & African Steam Nav. Co. (Elder
Dempster & Co.), she was
rebuilt with one funnel, fitted with passenger accommodation and renamed
ABA. In Nov.1921 she commenced Liverpool - West Africa sailings. Dec.1929
damaged in heavy weather off Kinsale and towed to Queenstown after her
steering gear failed. Jun.1931 grounded at Lagos but refloated and Nov.1931
laid up at Dartmouth. Apr.1933 back in service for Elder Lines Ltd and
in Sep.1939 was requisitioned by the Admiralty and converted to a Naval
Hospital Ship. Mar.1940 transferred to the Army and took part in the
evacuation from Norway and was then transferred to Alexandria. May 1941
bombed and damaged off Crete and then used variously on Eastern Mediterranean
and Middle East - South Africa services. Mar.1944 clearly marked as a
hospital ship, she was again bombed at Naples. After repair, she was
used on the North Atlantic and after D-Day was used on the Southampton
- Cherbourg service. Decommissioned in Jan.1947 and returned to Elder
Dempster & Co., she was too old to be worth reconditioning and was sold
to Bawtry SS Co., Liverpool and renamed MATRONA for conversion to an
emigrant carrier. However, when her ballast was removed, she fell onto
her side
in Bidston Dock Eventually righted in Jun.1948 by seven locomotives on
specially built tracks, she was towed to Barrow-In-Furness where she
was scrapped. [Merchant Fleets, vol.20 by Duncan Haws]
ABBOTSFORD 1873
2,554 gross tons, length 345ft x beam 37.3ft, one funnel,
two masts, iron hull, single screw, speed 10 knots, accommodation for
20-1st and 500-3rd
class passengers.
Launched on 29th Mar.1873 by Gourlay & Co, Dundee, she was immediately chartered
to the Red Star Line and commenced her maiden voyage on 10th May 1873 from Liverpool
to Queenstown and Philadelphia. After seven round voyages, she was chartered
to the American Line and on 11th Mar.1874 continued on the same service. She
was wrecked off Anglesey with no loss of life on 19th Jul.1875. [North Atlantic
Seaway vol.2,p.850 by N.R.P.Bonsor]
ABERDEEN / HALEP 1881
This was the Aberdeen Line's first steamship. She was 3,616 gross tons,
length 362.4ft x beam 44.3ft, clipper bows, one funnel, three masts (rigged
for sail), single screw, speed 12 knots. There was accommodation for 45-1st
and 650-3rd class passengers. Fares were £40 and £14 respectively. Built
by Robert Napier & Sons, Glasgow and delivered to the Aberdeen
Line in Dec.1881, she started her maiden voyage to Cape Town, Melbourne
and Sydney on 30th Mar.1882 and reached Melbourne in 42 days. Modernised
in 1892 and sails on foremast only. 1895-96 fitted with electric light
and refrigerating machinery. 19th Dec.1905 last sailing to Sydney. 1906
sold to the Turkish Government, renamed HALEP and used for trooping and
latterly as a Black Sea ferry. Aug.1915 torpedoed by the British submarine
E.11 in the Sea of Marmora and beached. Later refloated but broken up
due to her age.[Merchant Fleets, vol.17 by Duncan Haws]
ABYSSINIA 1870
The ABYSSINIA was built by J&G.Thomson, Glasgow for the British and
North American Royal Mail Steam Packet
Co. (later Cunard Steam Ship Co). She was a 3,376 gross ton ship,
length 363.5ft x beam 42.2ft, straight stem, one funnel, three masts(rigged
for sail), iron construction, single screw and a speed of 13 knots. Launched
on 3rd Mar.1870, she started her maiden voyage on 24th May 1870 when she
left Liverpool for Queenstown (Cobh) and New York. She started her last
voyage on this service on 18th Sep.1880 and was returned to the builders
in part payment for the new ships SERVIA and CATALONIA. Sold to the Guion
Line, she commenced Liverpool - Queenstown - New York sailings on
20th Nov.1880 and in 1882 was fitted with compound engines. Her last voyage
on this route started 27th Mar.1886 and between 1887 - 1891 she ran on
the Pacific for Canadian Pacific Line.
Resumed Liverpool - Queenstown - New York route on 28th Nov.1891 and on
13th Dec.1891, left New York for Liverpool, but was destroyed at sea by
fire on 18th Dec. All the passengers and crew were rescued by the German
liner SPREE. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.151]
ACADIA 1840 /
ERZHERZOG JOHANN 1849 / GERMANIA 1852
1154 gross tons, length 207ft x beam 34ft, clipper bows, one funnel, three
masts, rigged for sail, wooden hull, side paddle wheel propulsion, speed
9 knots. Accommodation for 115-1st class passengers. Built by John Wood,
Port Glasgow (engines by Robert Napier, Glasgow) and launched in April
1840 for Cunard. Maiden voyage
4th Aug.1840 Liverpool - Halifax - Boston. 33rd and last voyage on this
route 4th Nov.1848. Sold to Germany in 1849 and renamed ERZHERZOG JOHANN,
1852 sold to Fritz and Lehmkuhl, renamed GERMANIA and made four Bremen
- New York voyages in 1853-54, 1855 chartered to British Government as
Crimea War transport, 1858 scrapped London.
ACCRA 1926
9,337 gross ton passenger ship, length 451ft x beam 62.3ft,
twin screw, speed 15 knots, accommodation for 243-1st and 70-2nd class
passengers. Crew 130.
Launched 18th Mar.1926 by Harland & Wolff, Belfast for Elder
Dempster & Co.,
she entered the Liverpool - West Africa sevice in Sep.1926. On 26th Jul.1940
she
was torpedoed by U.34 (Rollman) in the Atlantic 320 miles West of Bloody Foreland
in position 55.40N 16.28W on voyage Liverpool to Freetown and West African ports
with 323 passengers and 1,700 tons of general cargo, part of convoy OB 188. The
Master, Capt. J. J. Smith, 153 crew and 311 passengers were rescued by the British
ship HOLLINSIDE, Norwegian ship LOKE and HMS ENCHANTRESS and HMS CLARKIA. 12
crew and 12 passengers were lost when their lifeboat capsized. The ACCRA sank
in 1hour 15 minutes. [British & Commonwealth Merchant Ship Losses to Axis Submarines
1939-1945 by A. J. Tennent] [Merchant Fleets, vol.20 by Duncan Haws]
ACONCAGUA 1872 / EGYPTE 1895
This was the ACONCAGUA which belonged to Pacific
Steam Navigation Co but between 1878 - 1881 was used as a stand by
vessel under Orient SN Co management for the joint Orient-Pacific service
to Australia. She was a 4,105 gross ton ship, length 404.8ft x beam 41.4ft,
one funnel, three masts (rigged for sail), iron hull, single screw and
a speed of 13 knots. There was accommodation for 60-1st, 90-2nd and 335-3rd
class passengers. Built by John Elder & Co, Glasgow, she was launched
on 6th June 1872 and started her maiden voyage on 28th Sep.1872 when she
left Liverpool for Valparaiso via Cape Horn. Chartered by the Orient
Line for their London - Australia service in 1878 and returned to
the Valparaiso route in 1881. Sold to Verdeau & Cie, Bordeaux in 1895,
renamed EGYPTE and used on the Eastern Mediterranean route, she was scrapped
in 1896. [Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.1, P&O, Orient and Blue
Funnel Lines, vol.8, Pacific Steam Nav. Co] [North Star to Southern Cross
by John M.Maber]
ADA 1911 see AMALFI 1881
ADALIA 1864
The ADALIA was built by Wm Doxford & Sons, Sunderland in 1864. She
was a 1,270 gross ton vessel, length 232ft x beam 32ft, iron construction
and a speed of 9 knots. Launched in 1864, she was chartered to the Liverpool
and Charleston Steamship Line and on 29/11/1869 commenced a single round
voyage from Liverpool to Charleston. On 24/6/1872 she was wrecked on St
Paul Island, Cape Breton. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.2,p.728]
ADDA 1922
O.N.146664. 7,816 gross tons, length 435ft x beam 57.3ft, one
funnel, two masts, twin
screw, speed 14 knots. Laid down by Harland & Wolff, Greenock as the ANCOBRA,
but launched and completed in Nov.1922 for African Steamship Co.
(Elder, Dempster & Co.), Liverpool as the ADDA for the Liverpool - West Africa
service. Apr.1923 collided with the s/s BATA in the River Mersey. April 1933
transferred to Elder, Dempster Lines Ltd. 8th June 1941 torpedoed and sunk by
U.107 (Hessler) in position 08.30N 14.39W on voyage Liverpool to West Africa
with 490 passengers and crew. Ten crew and two passengers were
lost.
ADDERSTONE 1933 / WAR BAMBOO / BOSWELL 1920 / GEMA
1937 / NORWAY MARU 1951
was a 5327 gross ton ship, length 400ft x beam 52.4ft, single screw, speed
10 knots. Built by Harland & Wolff, Belfast as a wartime standard type
ship, she was launched on 1st Jul.1920 as the WAR BAMBOO, but was completed
as the BOSWELL for Lamport & Holt.
In 1933 she was sold to the White SS Co, a new company set up to try out
an experimental economy engine, and renamed ADDERSTONE. In Apr.1937 she
was sold to Johan Gerrard, Kristiansand, Norway and renamed GEMA, and
in 1950 was sold to Wallem & Co, Hong Kong. In 1951 she went to Daiichi
Kabusiki Kaisya (First Shipping Co), Kobe and was named NORWAY MARU. Fitted
with diesel engines in 1958 by Niigata Eng.Co, Niigata, Japan, she was
eventually scrapped at Sakai in 1968. [Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws,
vol.34, Lamport & Holt]
ADELAIDE STAR 1950
12,964 gros tons, length 573.8ft x beam 72.7ft, one funnel, one mast,
twin screw, speed 18 knots, accommodation for 12 passengers. Refrigerated
cargo space and equipped to carry motor cars in the 'tween decks. Launched
on 2nd Aug.1950 by John Brown & Co., Clydebank for Blue
Star Line, she was the largest refrigerated ship in the world at the
time. In 1964 ownership was transferred to Lamport
& Holt Line, but she continued on bare boat charter to Blue Star.
1965 ownership reverted to Blue Star Line. 8th Mar.1975 en route Timaru
to Liverpool, she sustained severe damage to the engines and was found
uneconomical to repair. On 25th April she left Liverpool for Masan, Korea
at the lowest economical speed and with a crew of 34 as opposed to a normal
crew of 69. She was there scrapped by Hankook Steel.
ADEN 1891
O.N.98775 3,925 g.t., 366ft x 46.1ft x 27.6ft, one funnel,
two masts (rigged for sail), single screw, triple expansion 3-cylinder
engine
manufactured by T. Richardson & Sons, Hartlepool. 3000 i.h.p, speed 12
knots, accommodation for 36-1st class passengers. Launched 5th Oct.1891
by Raylton, Dixon & Co, Middlesbrough (Yard No.340), but sustained damage
during launching and not completed until 4th Feb.1892. [Peninsular & Oriental
Steam Navigation Co. (P&O)] 9th
Jun.1897 on voyage Yokohama - London she laid off at the eastern end
of the island
of Socotra in order to work her deck cargo of coal down into the bunkers.
Drifted and struck rocks 1 mile Northeast of Ras Radressa and engine
room flooded and power cut off. A number of lifeboats were smashed and
those which were launched were soon swamped. A total of 78 passengers
and crew were lost, but the remaining 46 were eventually rescued by the
Indian Marine steamer MAYO. ["P & O, A Fleet History" by Rabson & O'Donoghue]
ADMIRAL 1905
6,341 gross tons, length 126.8m x beam 15.2m, one funnel, two masts,
twin screw, speed 13 knots, accommodation for 72-1st, 112-2nd and 80-3rd
class passengers.
Built 1905 by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg for the Deutsche
Ost-Afrika Line,
she commenced Hamburg - Round Africa voyages on 25th June 1905. In Aug.1914
she was laid up at Lourenco Marques on the outbreak of war and on 23rd
Feb.1916 was seized by Portuguese authorities and renamed LOURENCO MARQUES.
Managed by Transportes Maritimos
do Estado, Lisbon until 1925 when she
transferred to Cia Nacional de Navegaceo, Lisbon. Used on the Portugal
- Mozambique service. 1950 scrapped at Faslane. (picture)
ADRIA ex ETNA / CITY OF BRISTOL / MEXICO / MESSICO
/ SEMPIONE 1854
2,215 gross tons, length 305ft x beam 37.6ft (92.96m x 11.46m), clipper
bows, one funnel, three masts, iron hull, single screw, speed 10 knots,
accommodation for 120-1st and 400-3rd class passengers. Built by Caird
& Co, Greenock, she was launched for the Cunard
Line on 26th Aug.1854 as the ETNA. Used firstly as a Crimea War transport.
On 5th Feb.1856 she sailed from Havre to New York, then from Liverpool
to New York and also used on the New York - Chagres route. In 1857 she
sailed for the European & Australian R.M.S.P.Co on the Southampton - Malta
- Alexandria route and in 1860 was sold to the Inman
Line. 1871 rebuilt to 2,655 gross tons and lengthened to 349ft (106.38m)
and re-engined to give a speed of 12 knots, she was then renamed CITY
OF BRISTOL and used on the Liverpool - New York service. 1881 sold to
Spain renamed MEXICO, 1882 sold to Italy renamed MESSICO, 1883 renamed
SEMPIONE, 1884 sold to Societa Rocco Piaggio & Figli, Genoa and renamed
ADRIA. 1st June 1884 first voyage Genoa - Montevideo - Buenos Aires. In
1885 the company was taken over by Navigazione Generale Italiana and the
ship continued South America sailings until 1896 when she was scrapped
in Italy. [South Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor]
ADRIA 1896 / NARVA 1905 / KHAZAN
1906
The ADRIA was built in 1896 by Palmers Co Ltd, Jarrow-on-Tyne for the
Hamburg America Line. She was
a 5,458 gross ton ship, length 399.3ft x beam 50.1ft, one funnel, two
masts, single screw and a speed of 13 knots. There was passenger accommodation
for 20-1st and 1,100-3rd class. Launched on 27th May 1896, she sailed
from Hamburg on 19th Aug.1896 on her maiden voyage to Boston, Philadelphia
and Baltimore. On 8th Dec.1898 she started the first of two Antwerp -
New York voyages under charter to Red Star Line and commenced the second
one on 19th Jan.1899. She then returned to Hamburg - US voyages until
4th Apr.1904 when she started Stettin - Helsingborg - Gothenberg - New
York sailings. She made four voyages on this service, and started her
last sailing for Hamburg America Line when she left Hamburg on 22nd Nov.1904
for Boston and Baltimore. In 1905 she was sold to the Russian Navy and
renamed NARVA and in 1906 she went to the Russian
Volunteer Fleet and was renamed KHAZAN. On 19th Apr.1906 she went
aground near Colombo, Ceylon (Sri Lanka) and was wrecked. [North Atlantic
Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.402]
ADRIATIC 1871
was a 3888 gross ton ship, length 437.2ft x beam 40.9ft, one funnel, four
masts (rigged for sail), iron hull, single screw and a speed of 14 knots.
Accommodation for 166-1st and 1,000-3rd class passengers. Built by Harland
& Wolff, Belfast (engines by Maudslay, Sons & Field, London), she was
launched for the White Star Line
on 17th Oct.1871. On 11th Apr.1872 she left Liverpool on her maiden voyage
to Queenstown (Cobh) and New York and in May 1872 made a record passage
from Queenstown to Sandy Hook of 7 days 23 hrs 17 mins at an average speed
of 14.53 knots. Refitted in 1884 to carry additional 2nd class passengers,
she started her last Liverpool - Queenstown - New York voyage on 17th
Nov.1897 and was scrapped at Preston in 1899.[North Atlantic Seaway by
N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.2,p.756]
ADRIATIC 1906
The ADRIATIC was a 24,541 gross ton ship, length 709.2ft x beam 75.5ft,
two funnels, four masts, twin screw and a speed of 17 knots. Accommodation
for 425-1st, 500-2nd and 2,000-3rd class passengers. Built by Harland
& Wolff, Belfast, she was launched for the White
Star Line on 20th Sep.1906 and left Liverpool on her maiden voyage
to New York on 8th May 1907. On 22nd May 1907 she sailed from New
York for Plymouth, Cherbourg and Southampton and on 5th Jun.1907 she started
Southampton - Cherbourg - Queenstown (Cobh) - New York sailings. Her last
voyage on this route started on 26th Jul.1911 and she then resumed Liverpool
- New York voyages. Refitted in 1919 to carry 400-1st, 465-2nd and 1,300-3rd
class passengers, she resumed Southampton - New York sailings on 3rd Sep.1919.
Transferred to the Liverpool - New York route on 13th May 1922 and in
1928 was again refitted to carry 506-cabin, 560-tourist and 404-3rd class
passengers. Her last Liverpool - New York sailing started on 25th Feb.1933
and after a period spent cruising, she was laid up at Liverpool. In 1934
the White Star Line and Cunard merged to become the Cunard-White Star
Line and the ADRIATIC started a single round voyage on 24th Feb.1934 from
Liverpool to Cobh, Halifax, Boston, New York, Boston, Halifax, Galway,
Cobh and Liverpool. Subsequently used for cruising, she sailed from Liverpool
on 19th Dec.1934 for Osaka where she was scrapped. [North Atlantic Seaway
by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.2,p.763-4]
AFRIC 1899
The AFRIC was a 11,948 gross ton ship, built by Harland & Wolff, Belfast
for the White Star Line's Australian trade in 1899. She had one funnel,
four masts, refrigerated cargo space for the carriage of frozen meat,
twin screws and a speed of 14 knots. There was accommodation for 350 single-class
passengers. She commenced her maiden voyage on 8th Feb.1899 when she left
Liverpool on a trial run to New York, after which she returned to Belfast
for some months to allow alterations to be carried out. On 9th Sept.1899
she sailed from Liverpool for Capetown, Albany, Adelaide, Melbourne and
Sydney. She continued on the Australia service until 12th Feb.1917 when
she was torpedoed and sunk by a German submarine off the Eddystone Rock,
English Channel. [North Star to Southern Cross by John M.Maber]
AFRICA 1850
2226 gross tons, length 266ft x beam 40ft, clipper bows, one funnel, three
masts, rigged for sail, wooden hull, side paddle wheels, speed 12 knots.
Accommodation for 130-1st and 30-2nd class passengers. Built by R. Steele
& Co, Greenock (engines by Robert Napier, Glasgow), and launched for
Cunard in July 1850. Maiden voyage
26th Oct.1850 Liverpool - New York. 25.10.1851 stranded off Belfast, returned
to Liverpool. 1853 mizzen (third) mast removed. 16.2.1854 stranded near
Jersey City, refloated. 20.7.1855 first voyage Liverpool - Halifax - Boston.
9.1.1856 resumed Liverpool - New York. 31.5.1862 resumed Liverpool - Halifax
- Boston. 7.12.1867 last voyage. 1868 sold.
AFRICAN 1855 / CITY
OF LIMERICK 1863
The "City of Limerick" was built in 1855 by Smith & Rodger, Glasgow for
British owners, as the "African". She was purchased by the Inman
Line of Liverpool in 1863 and renamed "City of Limerick". Her details
were - 1,529 gross tons, length 281ft x beam 34.4ft, clipper stem, one
funnel, three masts (rigged for sail), iron construction, single screw
and a speed of 10 knots. She started her first voyage for the Inman Line
on 29/5/1863 when she sailed from Liverpool for Queenstown (Cobh) and
New York. In 1870 she was rebuilt to 2,536 gross tons, lengthened to 331.1ft
and fitted with compound engines by G.Forrester & Co, Liverpool. She started
her last Liverpool - Queenstown - New York sailing on 20/5/1874 and was
chartered to the American Line for their Liverpool - Philadelphia service
in July 1875. She made her sixth and last voyage on this route in August
1876 and then made a single round voyage in November 1876 for the Inman
Line between Bordeaux and New York. Again chartered to the American Line,
she resumed Liverpool - Philadelphia sailings in January 1877, making
her fifth and last voyage on this service in May 1878. She resumed Liverpool
- New York voyages for Inman on 3/7/1878 for three round voyages, the
last commencing on 25/10/1879 and was then sold to the Thistle
Line of
London. She started her first London - New York voyage on 26/3/1880 and
left London on her last round voyage on 5/12/1881. Sailed from New York
on the homeward passage on 8/1/1882 and went missing with the loss of
43 lives. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.240-1]
AFRICAN 1873 see additional
information & picture
Off. No.68814, 2,019 gross tons, length 315.7ft x beam 34.3ft, one funnel,
two masts (rigged for sail), iron hull, single screw, speed 10 knots,
accommodation for 60-1st and 80-2nd class passengers. Launched 31st Dec.1872
by John Key & Son, Kinghorn, Fife (Yard No.15) for the Union
SS Co.,
UK - South Africa passenger and mail service, she was towed to Leith
for
completion. Delivered on Mar.4th 1873, she arrived at Cape Town on her
maiden voyage on Apr.3rd. In Jan.1879 after the Zulu victory at Isandlwana
she carried troop reinforcements from Cape Town to Durban. Late 1881
transferred to South African coastal service. Nov.1883 sold to J. Japp,
Liverpool and J. M. Kirby, London. 15th Feb.1887 ran aground on Abu Madaff
reef, north of Jeddah in the Red Sea while on voyage Cardiff to Jeddah
with a cargo of coal. 26th Feb. broke in two and became total loss. [Union-Castle
Line by Peter Newall ISBN 0-953429-14-8 contains photo of a painting
of the
ship]
AFRICAN STAR 1946
7,971 gross tons, 469ft x 69.6ft, speed 16 knots, accommodation
for 12 passengers, built 1946 by Federal Shipbuilding & Drydock Co.,
Kearney, NJ for American South African Line, New York. On 18th Mar.1968
she suffered
extensive damage on voyage New Orleans to Auckland when she collided
with the tug MIDWEST CITIES in the Mississippi. The AFRICAN STAR was
beached at Diamond, La. and was refloated on 22nd Mar.and towed to New
Orleans and then to Galveston to discharge her cargo. Repaired at Tampa
and resumed service until 1973 when she was renamed STAR and was scrapped
at Taiwan the same year.
AGENORIA 1857
279 gross tons, length 148.5ft x beam 22.2ft, iron hull,
built 1857 at Monk's Ferry, Birkenhead and registered 21st Mar.1858 for
John
Jones, Birkenhead. 22nd Mar.1858 sold to Sir S. M. Peto, Thomas Brassey,
Liverpool and E. L. Betts, London. 3rd Apr.1862 registered as owned by
Samuel Holme, Liverpool. 5th Dec.1863 sold to Bailey
and Leetham Ltd,
Hull. 13th Feb.1864 wrecked on the Swedish coast.
AGUILA 1917
3,255 gross tons, 315.3ft x 44.2ft, 150-1st class passengers. Built 1917
by Caledon Shipbuilding Co, Dundee for Yeoward Line Ltd, Liverpool who
operated services to Spain, Portugal, Morocco, Las Palmas and Tenerife.
19.8.41 torpedoed and sunk by German submarine U.201 (Schnee) in the Atlantic
WSW of Fastnet Rock at position 49.23N 17.56W while en route Liverpool
to Gibraltar and Lisbon with 91 passengers and a general cargo, including
mail, part of convoy OG71, comprising 21 ships. The Master, Captain Arthur
Firth, 6 crew, 1 naval staff and 2 passengers were rescued by HMS WALLFLOWER
and landed at Gibraltar. 6 crew rescued by the tug ROYAL OAK were later
lost when she was sunk on 22.8.41 by U.564. The convoy commodore, Vice
Admiral P. E. Parker DSO RN, 58 crew, 5 gunners, 4 naval staff and 89
passengers were lost.
AKI MARU 1903
The AKI MARU was a 6023 gross ton ship, length 445ft x beam 49ft, twin
screw, speed 14 knots. Built by Mitsubishi Dockyard, she was delivered
on 13th Feb.1903 and was used mostly on the Hong Kong, Japan - Seattle
service. She served as a troopship 1904-1905 and was later transferred
to the Australia service. Diverted to wartime service 1917-1922, laid
up 1930, scrapped 1934. [Pacific Liners by Frederick Emmons]
ALAMEDA 1883
3,000 gross tons, iron hulled steamship, built 1883 in
Philadelphia for the Oceanic Steamship
Co. and made her maiden voyage
in Oct.1883 between San Francisco and Honolulu. In 1885 she was used
on the San Francisco to Hawaii and Sydney service and in 1890 was put
on the S.F to New Zealand via Hawaii route. In 1901 with the advent of
new ships, she was switched back to the San Francisco - Hawaii service.
Laid up in 1907 when the U.S. Government terminated Oceanic's mail contract
to the South Pacific and they were left with redundant ships, she was
eventually sold to Alaska SS Co in 1910 and placed on the Seattle - Alaska
route. On 28th Nov.1931 she was burnt out at Seattle Pier.[Cargoes, Matson's
First Century in the Pacific by W. L.
Worden]
ALASKA 1881 / MAGALLANES 1897
6,932 gross tons, length 500ft x beam 50ft, two funnels, four masts (rigged
for sail), iron hull, single screw and a speed of 16 knots. Built by John
Elder & Co, Glasgow, she was launched for the Guion
Line of Liverpool on 15th July 1881. Her maiden voyage started on
30th Oct.1881 when she left Liverpool for Queenstown (Cobh) and New York.
She made record passages, the fastest being 6days 18hrs 37mins between
Sandy Hook and Queenstown in Sep.1882. Her last Liverpool - Queenstown
- New York voyage started on 28th Apr.1894 and she was then laid up in
Gareloch until 1897. Chartered to Cia Trasatlantica of Spain and renamed
MAGALLANES until 1898 when she was again laid up in the Clyde. Sold for
scrap in 1899, but resold and used as an accommodation ship at Barrow
until 1902 when she was scrapped at Preston. [North Atlantic Seaway by
N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.2,p.710]
ALAUNIA 1913
13,405 gross tons, length 520.3ft x beam 64ft, two funnels, two masts,
twin screw, speed 15 knots, accommodation for 520-2nd and 1,540-3rd class
passengers. Launched on 9th Jun.1913 by Scott's Shipbuilding & Engineering
Co, Greenock for the Cunard Steamship
Co, her maiden voyage started 27th Nov.1913 from Liverpool for Queenstown,
Portland and Boston (4 round voyages). 9th Apr.1914 first voyage (London
for cargo) - Southampton - Portland. 14th May 1914 first voyage (London)
- Southampton - Quebec - Montreal. 10th May 1916 first voyage London -
New York. 19th Sep.1916 last voyage London - NY. 19th Oct.1916 mined and
sunk off Royal Sovereign lightship, Sussex with the loss of two lives.[North
Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.159]
ALAUNIA 1925
14,040 gross tons, length 520ft x beam 65.2ft, one funnel, two masts,
twin screw, speed 15 knots, accommodation for 500-cabin and 1,200-3rd
class passengers.
Built 1925 by John Brown & Co., Glasgow, she was launched on 7th
Feb.1925 for the Cunard SS Co. Maiden voyage started 24th Jul.1925 from
Liverpool
for Quebec and Montreal. On 28th May 1926 she started her first voyage
London - Southampton - Quebec - Montreal and started her last voyage
on this service on 29th Jul.1939. She was then requisitioned by the Admiralty
and converted to an Armed Merchant Cruiser. Dec.1944 sold to the Admiralty
and converted to a Fleet Repair Ship. 1957 scrapped at Blyth.
ALBAN 1914
5,223 gross tons, 375.2ft x 51.7ft, one funnel, two masts, single screw,
speed 13 knots, built 1914 by Caledon SB & Eng, Co., Dundee for
the Booth Steamship Co., On 13th Nov.1914 she started her maiden voyage
from Liverpool to New York and the River Amazon and continued on this
service. May 1935 sold to shipbreakers at Genoa but in 1936 was resold
to Ugo Musso, Genoa for further trading and renamed ZENA. On 11th Oct.1941
she was torpedoed and sunk by British aircraft about 42 miles south
from Lampedusa Island on voyage Naples to Tripoli.
ALBANO / IRAN / BRETON 1886
3,747 gross tons, length 380.3ft x beam 43ft, one funnel, two masts, single
screw, speed 11 knots, accommodation for 780-3rd class passengers. Built
by Harland & Wolff, Belfast, she was launched as the IRAN for E. Bates
& Co on 5th Jan.1886. Purchased by Sloman of Hamburg in 1895, she
was renamed ALBANO and started her first Hamburg - New York sailing on
19th Apr.1895. In May 1903 she was chartered to the Hamburg
America Line who used her on the same service and who purchased her
on 9th Jan.1907. Her last Hamburg - New York sailing took place in March
1911 and her first Hamburg - New Orleans voyage commenced 25th May 1911.
Sold to Messageries Maritimes, France the same year, she was renamed BRETON.
On 8th Aug.1917 she was mined off Tunisia. Taken in tow by a French Armed
Trawler but fire broke out and she sank about 2 hours later. [North Atlantic
Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.408] [Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws,
vol.4, Hamburg America Line]
ALBERT BALLIN / HANSA / SOVETSKY
SOJUS 1922
The ALBERT BALLIN was built by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg in 1922 for the
Hamburg America Line. She was
a 20,815 gross ton ship, length 602.4ft x beam 78.7ft, two funnels, four
masts, twin screw and a speed of 16 knots. Accommodation was provided
for 250-1st, 340-2nd and 1,060-3rd class passengers. Launched on 16/12/1922,
she sailed from Hamburg on her maiden voyage to Southampton and New York
on 5/7/1923. In Feb.1928 she was refitted to carry 1st, 2nd, tourist and
3rd class passengers and on 11/9/1929 commenced her last Hamburg to Boulogne,
Southampton and New York voyage before being re-engined to give a speed
of 19 knots. On 21/3/1930 she resumed the Hamburg - Southampton - Cherbourg
- New York service, carrying 1st, tourist and 3rd class. On 21/12/1933
she commenced her last voyage on this route and on 12/5/1934 she rammed
and sank the North German Lloyd vessel MERKUR with the loss of 7 lives.
Later the same year she was rebuilt to 21,131 tons, length 645.8ft,speed
20 knots and renamed HANSA under the direction of the Nazi government.(Albert
Ballin was Jewish.) On 31/10/1935 she resumed the Hamburg - Southampton
- Cherbourg - New York run and in March 1936 was refitted to carry cabin,
tourist and 3rd class. She commenced her last New York voyage on 27/7/1939
and then became a naval accommodation ship at Gotenhafen. On 6/3/1945
she was sunk by a mine off Warnemunde, initially taken in tow, but failed
to reach port. In 1949 she was raised by the Russians, rebuilt at Warnemunde
and Antwerp to 23,009 tons and one funnel and in 1953(?) renamed SOVETSKY
SOJUS. She was damaged by fire prior to her entry into service but was
repaired and used on the Vladivostok - Kamchatka route. Still in service
in 1979. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.417] [Merchant
Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.4, Hamburg America Line]
ALBERTIC see OHIO 1923
ALBION 1861 / ALBANO 1880
The ALBION (O.N 29316) was a 900 gross ton ship, length 245.2ft x beam
29ft, iron hull, clipper bows. There was accommodation for 24-1st, 16-2nd
and 365-steerage class passengers. Launched by Martin Samuelson, Hull
on speculation in Feb.1861, she was sold to J.W.Day, Durham on 24th Jun.1861
and resold to Thos.Wilson, Sons & Co,
Hull on 17th Oct.1861. Re-engined in 1880, she was renamed ALBANO and
in Jan.1887 she lost her rudder 500 miles west of Queenstown and was assisted
into that port by Bristol City Line's WELLS CITY by steaming ahead with
the WELLS CITY steering her from astern. In Nov.1896 she was sold to the
Marine Association (O.S.S.Piper, manager), Port Talbot and on 26th Sep.1897
was wrecked in the Gulf of Bothnia near Kemi, Finland while on passage
Trelleborg to Neder Kalix in ballast. [Wilson Line by John Harrower]
ALCANTARA / KAISHO MARU 1926
22,181 gross tons, length 630.5ft x beam 78.5ft, two funnels, two masts,
twin screw and a speed of 16 knots. Accommodation for 432-1st, 200-2nd
and 674-3rd class passengers. Built by Harland & Wolff, Belfast, she was
launched for Royal Mail Lines
on 23rd Sep.1926. Her maiden voyage started on 4th Mar.1927 when she left
Southampton for Cherbourg, Lisbon, Las Palmas, Rio de Janeiro and Buenos
Aires. She continued this service, with the occasional cruise until 1934
when she was rebuilt to 22,209 gross tons, with accommodation for 330-1st,
220-2nd and 768-3rd class passengers. She was also lengthened to 666ft,
her two funnels heightened and she was fitted with new diesel engines
to give her a speed of 18 knots. She resumed the same service on 4th May
1935 and continued until 1939 when she was rebuilt as an Armed Merchant
Cruiser. Her forward (dummy) funnel and mainmast were removed at this
time. Sent to Malta for further conversion, she was involved in a serious
collision with the Cunard ship FRANCONIA en route, but remained afloat
and managed to reach Alexandria for major hull repairs. In December 1939
she commenced South Atlantic patrol work. In July 1940 she was engaged
in a battle with the German surface raider THOR and scored a number of
hits, but was damaged on the waterline by an unexploded shell and had
to reduce speed. The THOR withdrew under cover of a smokescreen and the
ALCANTARA put into Rio for temporary repairs. In Nov.1940 she returned
to Liverpool where she was fitted with better armament and then returned
to South Atlantic patrol work. Converted to a troopship in 1943, she made
trooping voyages to the Mediterranean, Singapore, East Indies, Halifax,
India and Ceylon. Refitted after the war to carry 220-1st, 185-cabin and
462-tourist class passengers, she resumed the Southampton - Buenos Aires
service on 8th Oct.1948. On 17th Apr.1958 she left Southampton on her
last voyage to Buenos Aires having made 172 round voyages to South America.
Sold to Japanese shipbreakers, she was renamed KAISHO MARU for her passage
to Japan for scrapping and arrived at Osaka on 30th Sep.1958.
ALCANTARA 1913
This was probably the short lived ALCANTARA. 16,034 gross tons, length
590ft x beam 65.4ft, one funnel, two masts, triple screw, speed 17 knots,
accommodation for 400-1st, 230-2nd and 760-3rd class passengers. Fitted
with refrigerated cargo space for the Argentine meat trade. Built by Harland
& Wolff, Glasgow, she was launched on 30th Oct.1913 for the Royal
Mail Steam Packet Co and started her maiden voyage from Southampton
to Buenos Aires on 19th June 1914. Converted to an Armed Merchant Cruiser
in 1915 with 8 x 6in guns and 2 x 6 pounders. On 29th Feb.1916 in the
Skaggerak, she, together with her sister ship ANDES, intercepted a merchant
ship disguised as the Norwegian RENA. The ship disclosed herself as the
German raider GREIF and opened fire, causing great damage to ALCANTARA
which developed a heavy list. GREIF was also on fire and ALCANTARA was
abandoned and later sank. British warships arrived on the scene and, together
with the ANDES sank the GREIF and picked up survivors. ALCANTARA lost
72 men and GREIF lost 280.[South Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor]
ALCANTARA 1927
22,181 gross tons, length 630.5ft x beam 78.5ft, two funnels, two masts,
twin screw and a speed of 16 knots. Accommodation for 432-1st, 200-2nd
and 674-3rd class passengers. Built by Harland & Wolff, Belfast, she
was launched for Royal Mail Lines
on 23rd Sep.1926. Her maiden voyage started on 4th Mar.1927 when she left
Southampton for Cherbourg, Lisbon, Las Palmas, Rio de Janeiro and Buenos
Aires. She continued this service, with the occasional cruise until 1934
when she was rebuilt to 22,209 gross tons, with accommodation for 330-1st,
220-2nd and 768-3rd class passengers. She was also lengthened to 666ft,
her two funnels heightened and she was fitted with new diesel engines
to give her a speed of 18 knots. She resumed the same service on 4th May
1935 and continued until 1939 when she was rebuilt as an Armed Merchant
Cruiser. Her forward (dummy) funnel and mainmast were removed at this
time. Sent to Malta for further conversion, she was involved in a serious
collision with the Cunard ship FRANCONIA en route, but remained afloat
and managed to reach Alexandria for major hull repairs. In December 1939
she commenced South Atlantic patrol work. In July 1940 she was engaged
in a battle with the German surface raider THOR and scored a number of
hits, but was damaged on the waterline by an unexploded shell and had
to reduce speed. The THOR withdrew under cover of a smokescreen and the
ALCANTARA put into Rio for temporary repairs. In Nov.1940 she returned
to Liverpool where she was fitted with better armament and then returned
to South Atlantic patrol work. Converted to a troopship in 1943, she made
trooping voyages to the Mediterranean, Singapore, East Indies, Halifax,
India and Ceylon. Refitted after the war to carry 220-1st, 185-cabin and
462-tourist class passengers, she resumed the Southampton - Buenos Aires
service on 8th Oct.1948. On 17th Apr.1958 she left Southampton on her
last voyage to Buenos Aires having made 172 round voyages to South America.
Sold to Japanese shipbreakers, she was renamed KAISHO MARU for her passage
to Japan for scrapping and arrived at Osaka on 30th Sep.1958.
ALDENHAM / NINEVAH / LARNE 1894
3,808 gross ton passenger ship, 365ft x 45.1ft, clipper
bows, one funnel, three masts, single screw, speed 13 knots. Built 1894
with accommodation for 45-1st and 650-3rd class passengers by R. Napier & Sons,
Glasgow as the NINEVEH for G. Thompson & Co. (Aberdeen
Line), Aberdeen,
she was used on the London - Australia service. 1907 sold to Eastern & Australian
SS Co., London renamed ALDENHAM and operated Melbourne, Brisbane, Manila,
Hong Kong, Japan route, 1916 sold to Royal
Mail Steam Packet Co., London
renamed LARNE, 1918 sold to Zurbaran SS Co. (MacAndrews & Co.), London,
1923 scrapped.
ALEPPO 1864
Built by J.& G.Thomson, Glasgow in 1864 for the Cunard
Mediterranean service. 2,057 gross tons, length 292.5ft x beam 38.2ft,
clipper stem, one funnel, two masts (rigged for sail), iron construction,
single screw and a speed of 11 knots. Accommodation for 46-1st and 593-3rd
class passengers. Launched on 1st Nov.1864, she started her first transatlantic
voyage on 15th Sep.1865 when she sailed from Liverpool for Halifax and
New York. Between 1865 - 1871 she made 40 round voyages between Liverpool
- Queenstown (Cobh) - New York (many via Boston). Her last Liverpool -
Queenstown - New York sailing started 9th May 1871 and on 20th Jun.1871
she started the first of four Liverpool - Queenstown - Boston sailings.
From 1872 she was mostly employed on the Liverpool - Mediterranean trade
but between 1877-92 made at least 16 North Atlantic voyages. In 1880 and
again in 1890 she was re-engined and she started her last North Atlantic
sailing between Liverpool and Boston on 24th Mar.1892. In 1909 she was
scrapped at Preston. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.148]
ALESIA 1882
The ALESIA was a 2,790 gross ton ship built in 1882 by T. Royden &
Sons, Liverpool (engines by G. Forrester & Co, Liverpool) for the
Fabre Line of Marseilles. Her details
were - length 328ft x beam 40.4ft, one funnel, two masts, iron construction,
single screw and a speed of 12 knots. There was accommodation for 18-1st
and 1,000-3rd class passengers. Launched in June 1882, she sailed from
Marseilles on 15th Oct.1882 on her maiden voyage to Leghorn, Tarragona,
Bone, Almeria, Malaga and New York. She continued on the Mediterranean
- New York service until commencing her last voyage between Marseilles,
Naples and New York on 17th Mar.1899. She was then scrapped.
[North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.3,p.1132]
ALESIA 1928 see KONIG
FRIEDRICH AUGUST 1906
ALEXANDRA 1897 / MENOMINEE 1898
The MENOMINEE was built by A.Stephen & Sons, Glasgow in 1897 as the
ALEXANDRA for Wilson's and Furness-Leyland. This was a 6,919 gross ton
ship, length 475ft x beam 52.3ft, one funnel, four masts, single screw
and a speed of 14 knots. There was accommodation for 120-1st class passengers.
She commenced her maiden voyage on 8/10/1897 when she left Glasgow for
New York and London and on 12/11/1897 commenced her first London - New
York sailing. Her last voyage for this company started on 14/7/1898 from
London to New York and she then went to the Atlantic
Transport Line. She made one London (dep 18/8/1898)- NY voyage for
this company under her old name and was then renamed MENOMINEE. She commenced
sailing London - NY on 23/9/1898 and continued on this service until her
last voyage started on 16/2/1905. In Sept.1905 she was chartered to Red
Star Line and sailed between Antwerp and Philadelphia carrying up
to 120-2nd class passengers. She made her last voyage on this service
in July 1914 and on 18/8/1914 sailed between Antwerp, London (dep 5/9)
and new York. On 28/10/1914 she went back to the London - New York service
for ATL for three round
voyages, the last starting on 21/1/1915 and then became a British Transport
ship. Reconditioned in 1919 she sailed from Live0rpool to New York with
cargo only and then returned to the London - New York service. She was
scrapped in Italy in 1926. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.3,p.1091]
ALFONSO XIII 1916 see SCOT
1890
ALGERIA / CYRILL / VIRGINIA 1891
This ship was built by D & W.Henderson Ltd, Glasgow in 1891 for the
Anchor Line of Glasgow. She was
a 4,510 gross ton ship, length 375ft x beam 46.3ft. one funnel, two masts,
single screw and a speed of 12 knots. There was accommodation for 26-1st
and 1,100-3rd class passengers. Launched on 6/10/1891 for the Indian service,
she left Glasgow on her maiden voyage to Liverpool (dep.4/3/1891) and
Calcutta. She continued on this service until 1895 when she was transferred
on 21/5/1896 to the Naples - Gibraltar - New York route. She completed
2 round voyages on this service and then, from 1896-1901 returned to the
Glasgow - Liverpool - Bombay or Calcutta run. On 28/2/1902 she commenced
her first voyage from Leghorn to Naples and New York and stayed on this
service until starting her final voyage on 12/11/1908. (34 round voyages
on this route). She was sold to a German company on 12/8/1912 and was
renamed CYRILL and in 1914 went to the Italian company, Societa Italiana
di Navigazione Lloyd Mediterraneo, who renamed her VIRGINIA. She was finally
scrapped in 1923. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.465]
[Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.9, Anchor Line]
ALGERIA / PENNLAND 1870
The PENNLAND was a 3428 gross ton ship, length 361.2ft x beam 41.4ft,
one funnel, three masts, rigged for sail, iron hull, single screw and
a speed of 13 knots. Accommodation for 200-1st and 1,054-3rd class passengers.
Built by J.& G.Thomson, Glasgow, she was launched on 12th Jul.1870
as the ALGERIA for the Cunard SS Co.
Her maiden voyage started 27th Sep.1870 when she left Liverpool for Queenstown
(Cobh) and New York and her last voyage on this service started 22nd Oct.1881.
Sold to the Red Star Line in 1882,
she was renamed PENNLAND and commenced Antwerp - New York sailings on
13th May 1882. Rebuilt to 3,760 tons in 1888, she started her last Antwerp
- New York voyage on 15th Dec.1894. On 11th Apr.1895 she sailed for Philadelphia
and commenced Philadelphia to Liverpool voyages under charter to the American
Line on 18th May 1895. Her last sailing on this route started 6th
Apr.1901 and she then resumed Antwerp - New York sailings. In Aug.1901
she resumed the Antwerp - Philadelphia route and in 1902 became 3rd class
only. Her last Antwerp - New York voyage started 27th Mar.1902 and her
last Philadelphia - Antwerp on 23rd Sep.1903. She was then scrapped in
Italy. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1]
ALGERIA 1921 see KIGOMA 1914
ALICE 1907 see ASIA
1907
ALLEMANIA / OXENHOLME 1865
The ALLEMANIA was a 2,695 gross ton ship built in 1865 by C.A.Day &
Co, Southampton for the Hamburg America
Line. Her details were - length 315ft x beam 41ft, one funnel, two
masts (rigged for sail), iron construction, single screw and a speed of
12 knots. There was accommodation for 60-1st, 100-2nd and 600-3rd class
passengers. Launched on 11/5/1865, she sailed from Hamburg on her
maiden voyage to Southampton and New York on 17/9/1865. In 1872 she was
fitted with compound engines and commenced her last voyage to New York
on 5/10/1872. She was then transferred to the Hamburg - West Indies service
until 11/4/1880, when she resumed the Hamburg - New York run. On 5/9/1880
she commenced her last voyage (3 round voyages) and was then sold to the
British company, Hunter & Co.who renamed her OXENHOLME. In 1894 she
was sold to A.Chapman and on 6/6/1894 was abandoned with no loss of life
after striking rocks near Santa Catharina, Brazil.
ALLEMANIA 1881 / MIKADO
MARU 1904
1846 gross tons, length 375.8ft x beam 34.4ft, one funnel, two masts,
iron hull, single screw and a speed of 11 knots. Accommodation for 30-1st
and 300-3rd class passengers. Built for Hamburg
America Line by Dobie & Co, Glasgow (engines by J. Howden & Co, Glasgow),
she was launched for the West Indies service on 27th May 1881. However
she started her maiden voyage between Hamburg, Havre and New York on 21st
Aug.1881 and commenced her fifth and last Hamburg - New York sailing on
22nd Oct.1882 before transferring to the West Indies route. Sold to Japan
in 1904, she was renamed MIKADO MARU and was eventually wrecked at Hokkashamoru,
Japan on 13th Feb.1937.[North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.392]
ALLER 1886
The ALLER was 4,966 gross tons, length 438.1ft x beam 47.8ft, two funnels,
four masts, single screw and a speed of 17 knots. Accommodation for 150-1st,
90-2nd and 1,000-3rd class passengers. Built by Fairfield Co, Glasgow,
she was launched for North German
Lloyd on 18th Feb.1886 and started her maiden voyage from Bremen to
Southampton and New York on 24th Apr.1886. In 1897 her masts were reduced
to two, and she started her last Bremen - New York sailing on 18th Sep.1897.
She subsequently sailed Genoa - Naples - New York until starting her final
voyage on 6th Nov.1902 and was scrapped in 1904. [North Atlantic Seaway
by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.2]
ALMANZORA 1915
16,034 gross tons, length 590ft x beam 69.3ft, one funnel, two masts,
twin screw, speed 15 knots, accommodation for 400-1st, 230-2nd and 760-3rd
class passengers. Built by Harland & Wolff, Belfast for the Royal
Mail Steam Packet Co, she was launched on 19th Nov.1914, but was completed
as an Armed Merchant Cruiser for the 10th Cruiser Squadron. Reconditioned
to 15,551 tons at Belfast in 1919, she started commercial services from
Southampton to the River Plate on 9th Jan.1920. In WWII she was used mostly
for trooping duties and in 1945 became a government emigration ship. 1947
laid up at Cowes, Isle of Wight and 1948 scrapped at Blyth. {Merchant
Fleets, vol.5 by Duncan Haws.]
ALMORA 1873
The ALMORA was built in 1873 by Wm Denny & Bros, Dumbarton for British
India Associated Steamers. She was a 2,608 gross ton ship, length
350.2ft x beam 36.4ft (106,74m x 11,09m), one funnel, three masts (rigged
for sail), iron construction, single screw and a speed of 10 knots. There
was accommodation for 41-1st and 18-2nd class passengers. Launched on
6th Sep.1873, she was placed on the London - Suez - Batavia - Brisbane
'Queensland Royal Mail' service. In 1891 she was transferred to British
India Steam Navigation Co, but remained on the same route until 1891 when
she transferred to the India service. She was scrapped at Bombay in 1894.
[Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.11, British India S.N.Co]
ALSATIA / MINIEH 1876
The ALSATIA was built in 1876 by D & W.Henderson, Glasgow for the
Anchor Line. She was a 2,810 gross
ton ship, length 356.7ft x beam 36.2ft, straight stem, one funnel, three
masts, iron construction, single screw and a speed of 13 knots. There
was accommodation for 156-cabin class and 538-steerage passengers. Launched
in January 1876 she sailed from Glasgow on 8th Apr.1876 on her maiden
voyage to Moville and New York. She started her ninth and last voyage
on this route on 10th Mar.1877 and on 16th Jun.1877 commenced London -
New York sailings. She made 39 round voyages on this service, the last
starting on 8th Mar.1882 and in Nov.1882 sailed from Glasgow for Marseilles,
Naples, Palermo and New York. In Nov.1882 she sailed Glasgow - Liverpool
- Bombay and in Apr.1883 Glasgow - Liverpool - Calcutta. Between 1884-1885
she made four Glasgow - New York sailings and in 1886 was fitted with
triple expansion engines and her accommodation refitted to carry 156-1st
and 1,100-3rd class passengers. Between 1882-1901 she made 57 Mediterranean
- New York voyages, her last starting on 11th May 1901 when she left Kalamata
for Patras, Palermo and New York (arr.11/6).On 1st Nov.1901 she was sold
to Khedivial Mail and renamed MINIEH and in 1914 was sold to the British
Admiralty for use as a blockship. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor,
vol.1,p.460][Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.9, Anchor Line]
ALSATIAN / EMPRESS OF FRANCE 1913
The first EMPRESS OF FRANCE was built by Wm Beardmore & Co Ltd.,Glasgow
in 1913 as the ALSATIAN for the Allan
Line. She was an 18,481 gross ton ship, length 571.4ft x beam 72.4ft,
two funnels, two masts, four screws and a speed of 18 knots. She
was the first North Atlantic liner with a cruiser stern. There was accommodation
for 287-1st, 504-2nd and 848-3rd class passengers. Launched on 22/3/1913
as the ALSATIAN she left Liverpool on her maiden voyage to St John NB
for the Allan Line on 17/1/1914. On 22/5/1914 she commenced her first
Liverpool - Quebec voyage and on 17/7/1914 started her last voyage on
this service. On 7/8/1914 she became an Armed Merchant Cruiser and joined
the 10th Cruiser Squadron patrolling off the Shetland Islands. She
became flagship for Admiral De Chair and later for Vice Admiral Tucker
and was one of the first ships to be fitted with the new wireless direction
finding apparatus. After the squadron was retired in 1917, she was
returned to Canadian Pacific Ocean Services,
who now managed the combined Allan line and Canadian Pacific fleets. On
28/9/1918 she commenced her first voyage from Liverpool to Canada and
after a second voyage on this service, was refitted at Glasgow. She was
renamed EMPRESS OF FRANCE on 4/4/1919 and on 26th Sept. that year commenced
her first voyage under her new name from Liverpool to Quebec. On 3/5/1922
she commenced sailing between Southampton, Cherbourg and Quebec and on
31/5/1922 between Hamburg, Southampton, Cherbourg and Quebec. In 1924
she was converted from coal to oil fuel, and in July 1926 her accommodation
became 1st, 2nd, tourist and 3rd class and was altered again Jan.1927
to 1st, tourist and 3rd class. On 29/9/1927 she started her last Hamburg
- Southampton - Cherbourg - Quebec voyage and on 8/9/1928, her last Southampton
- Cherbourg - Quebec voyage. On 31/10/1928 she left Southampton for Suez,
Hong Kong and Vancouver and subsequently sailed on the Pacific until 17/10/1929
when she left Hong Kong for Liverpool. She started her final voyage from
Southampton to Cherbourg and Quebec on 2/9/1931 and in Sept. of that year
was laid up in the Clyde. She was scrapped at Dalmuir on 20/10/1934. In
total, she had made 99 Atlantic voyages, 5 trans-Pacific, and 8 cruises
as well as her war service. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.3,p.1313]
[Canadian Pacific - 100 years by George Musk]
ALSTON 1903
3,955 gross tons, cargo steamer built 1903 by J.
Priestmen & Co., Sunderland for Webster & Barraclough, West Hartlepool.
1918
sold to Britain SS Co. (Watts, Watts & Co.), London. 1919 sold to Sir William
Garthwaite, London. 1921 Marine Navigation Co. of Canada (Wm. Garthwaite), Montreal.
1923
sold to Hamaguchi Kisen Kaisha, Amagasaki, Japan renamed KINOENE MARU. 8th Mar.1927
wrecked at Tongochato, Korea off Mokpo on voyage on voyage Nagoya to Dairen in
ballast.
ALTONA 1902
4,352 gross ton passenger / cargo ship, length 375ft x beam
47.9ft, one funnel, two masts, single screw, speed 12 knots. Built 1902
by Flensburger Schiffbau Ges., Flensburg for the German
Australian Line,
Hamburg. She regularly sailed Hamburg - Australia until 21st Aug.1914
when she was seized by the Australian authorities on arrival at Melbourne
on the outbreak of the Great War. 1915 operated by the Commonwealth of
Australia and renamed CONARGO, she was torpedoed and sunk by the German
submarine U.96 on 31st Mar.1918 while 12 miles W x N from the Calf of
Man, Irish Sea.
AMALFI / ADA 1881
The AMALFI was built by M.Pearse & Co, Stockton in 1881 for the Sloman
Line of Hamburg. She was a 2,345 gross ton ship, length 300.5ft x beam
36.1ft, one funnel, three masts, iron construction, single screw and a
speed of 11 knots. There was passenger accommodation for 600-3rd class.
Launched on 7/5/1881, she sailed on the Hamburg - Australia service until
1886 when she came under the control of the newly formed Union Line. She
commenced her first Hamburg - New York voyage on 19/5/1886 and started
her last voyage on this service on 27/7/1898. In 1911 she was sold to
Swedish owners and renamed ADA. On 9/6/1917 she was torpedoed and sunk
by the German submarine U.61, while 25 miles east of Fair Isle. [North
Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.3,p.1166]
AMARAPOORA / MATURA 1901
4,546 gross tons, length 376.3ft x 48.3ft, single screw, speed 11.5 knots.
Accommodation for 64-1st class passengers. Built 1901 by Wm. Denny & Bros,
Dumbarton as AMARAPOORA for British & Burmese
S. N. Co.(P. Henderson &
Co.), Glasgow. 1913 sold to Trinidad
Shipping & Trading Co., Ltd, Glasgow,
renamed MATURA. 1921 transferred to Bermuda & West Indies S.S.Co. Ltd
(Furness, Withy & Co. Ltd), Hamilton, Bermuda. 1933 sold to Archer
Coaling Depot, Trinidad, converted to a coaling hulk.
AMARAPOORA / CAPTAIN HOBSON 1920
8,084 gross tons, length 465.8ft x beam 59.3ft, single screw, speed 13
knots, accommodation for 150-1st class passengers. Built 1920 by Wm.
Denny & Bros, Dumbarton for P. Henderson & Co. (British & Burmese
Steam Navigation Co.). Used on the Glasgow - Rangoon service. 1939
requisitioned as a hospital ship with 503 beds and operating theatres.
As HMHS AMARAPOORA,
she was the base hospital ship at Scapa Flow and made trips to Glasgow
to carry the sick to local hospitals. In 1940 she was used in the evacuation
from Norway. 1942 Sent to Gibraltar in preparation for the invasion
of North Africa and made several trips to the UK with wounded. Sep.1943
involved in the Salerno landings and was subject to air attack. Nov.1942
returned to the Clyde for overhaul and fitted with another 100 beds.
Jan.1944 Mediterranean hospital ship. Apr.1944 converted on the Tyne
into a Far East hospital ship and fitted with air conditioning. Oct.1944
base hospital ship at Trincomalee. Aug.1946 released by the Navy to
the Ministry of Transport, managed by P. Henderson and used on various
duties including carrying French nationals from Saigon to Toulon, Dutch
nationals from Indonesia to Holland, pilgrims from Levant to Jeddah
and German prisoners from North Africa to Germany. 1948 converted to
an austerity emigrant carrier with capacity for 617 passengers and
chartered to the International Refugee Organisation. Carried emigrants
Italy - Australia and returned with Dutch nationals from Indonesia.
Also acted as a troopship for the British garrisons in Libya.
1951 refitted by Alex Stephens as an assisted emigrant carrier with accommodation
for 584 passengers, renamed CAPTAIN HOBSON and used on the Glasgow -
Wellington service. 1953 - 1955 employed trooping to Hong Kong and then
reverted to the New Zealand service. 1956 used as troopship during the
Suez crisis and then returned to NZ service. June 1957 suffered engine
breakdown in the Pacific and towed to Auckland by the PORT MACQUARIE.
Temporarily repaired, she sailed to the Clyde at reduced speed and was
fitted with a new high pressure cylinder. In May 1958 she made her final
voyage to Wellington where she was put up for sale. There was no interest
in the old ship, so she sailed to Bombay where she was laid up. In Mar.1959
she was scrapped at Osaka. [Merchant Fleets, vol.29 by Duncan Haws] AMAZON 1851 2,256 gross tons, overall length
316ft x beam 73ft (including paddle boxes), one funnel, three masts (rigged
for sail), side paddle wheel propulsion. Built by R.& H. Green, Blackwall
(engines by Seawall & Capel, Millwall), she was launched on 28th Jun.1851
for the Royal Mail Steam Packet
Co. and was then the largest English-built paddle steamer. On Friday,
2nd Jan.1852 she sailed from Southampton on her maiden voyage, commanded
by Captain Symons and with Lieut.Grady as mail agent. She carried 50 passengers,
a crew of 109, the mail agent and his servant plus the captain - 162 in
total. Her cargo included the mails, 20,000 UKP of specie and coined money,
plus 5,000 UKP of mercury for mining in Mexico. By 9pm she was hove to
off Portland Bill while water was hosed onto the paddle shafts which were
overheating, extra grease was ladled onto the bearings to assist them
in running in and settling down. This manoeuvre was repeated twice more.
On 4th Jan at 12.45 am, the Second Officer Treweek, on the bridge saw
flames coming out of the forward stokehold. At the same time, Fourth Engineer
Stone encountered flames coming through the forward boiler casings. He
tried to reach the controls to shut off the engines but was driven back
by flames. By 12.48 am the amidship section of the ship was a wall of
flame and the ship was driving at about 10 knots into a moderate gale.
Firefighting made no impression and the ship was clearly doomed. The fifty
passengers were assembled right aft. Captain Symons now turned the ship
so that the flames were blowing forward, away from the passengers. This
move trapped most of the crew in the forward part of the ship and in an
area without lifeboats. A few came aft over the paddle boxes but within
minutes the heat was too great for this route to be used. The ship was
still surging along at about 9 knots - too fast for the boats to be launched.
Another problem was now encountered. Each lifeboat nestled in a metal
cradle. To launch a lifeboat, it had first to be raised by pulley and
then swung out over the side. Passengers had already climbed into the
boats and there were insufficient crew to hoist the weight. Chaos reigned
as, amidst vast roaring sheets of flame, the struggle to free the boats
continued. Worse still, some of the lifeboats swung to and fro with the
rolling ship and were stove in by the metal supports. In the end only
three lifeboats and a dinghy (with four persons aboard) were safely launched,
others were capsized by the speed of the ship. At 4 am, driving rain moderated
the wind and the survivors in one of the boats, in case more could be
rescued, sailed toward the wallowing wreck whose red-hot funnels glowed
in the darkness. They then watched as the AMAZON slid beneath the waves
with a hissing roar. At 8 am the British brig MARSDEN, en route from London
to Carolina, rescued 21 and returned them to Plymouth. Two more boatloads
were taken to Brest in the Dutch galliot GERTRUIDA, 24 in all. Another
boat without oars or mast but with 13 survivors was found by the Dutch
ketch HELLECHENE. This boat was the last to leave the ship and was assisted
by Captain Symons who pushed the lifeboat clear of its supports even though
his clothes were on fire. Thus 58 were saved, 36 passengers and 68 crew
were lost including all the officers and the two midshipmen.
AMBRIA 1897 / BHANDARA 1896 / PIETRO MARONCELLI 1916
5,463 gross tons, length 404ft x beam 50ft, one funnel, two masts, twin
screw, speed 13 knots, accommodation for 50-1st and 235-3rd class passengers.
Built by Flensburger Schiffbau, Flensburg, she was launched on 4th Jun.1896
as the BHANDARA for the Hamburg-Kalkutta Line. Purchased by Hamburg
America Line in 1897 and renamed AMBRIA, she started rhe first of
two Stettin - New York voyages on 3rd Jul.1897. On 28th Oct.1897 she commenced
a single round voyage between Hamburg and Montreal and on 23rd Dec.1897
transferred to Hamburg - Baltimore sailings. She started her eighth and
last voyage on this service on 17th Jan.1899 and then switched to Far
East routes. Seized by Italy at Syracuse in 1915 and renamed PIETRO MARONCELLI
the following year. On 30th May 1918 she was torpedoed and sunk off Sardinia.[North
Atlantic Seaway, vol.1,p.404 by N.R.P.Bonsor]
AMERICA / COALGACONDOR 1847
This was a 1,826 gross ton ship, built in 1847 by R. Steele & Co,
Greenock (engines by Robert Napier, Glasgow) for Cunard
SS Co. Her details were - length 251ft x beam 38ft, clipper stem,
one funnel, three masts (rigged for sail), wooden construction, side paddle
wheel propulsion and a speed of 10 knots. There was capacity for 140-1st
class passengers. Launched on 13th May 1847, she left Liverpool on her
maiden voyage on 15th Apr.1848 for Halifax and New York. On 3rd June 1848
she started her first Liverpool - Halifax - Boston voyage and subsequently
sailed to New York or Boston. On 12th Dec.1856 she suffered serious storm
damage near Cape Clear and had to put back to Liverpool. Her last Liverpool
- Halifax - Boston sailing started on 2nd May 1863 and on 23rd Jul.1863
she started the first of four round voyages between Liverpool - Quebec
- Montreal under charter to Allan Line, her last sailing starting on 10th
Mar.1864. In 1866 she ran Liverpool - Havre for Cunard Line and in 1866
was converted to a sailing ship and renamed COALGACONDOR. She was scrapped
in approx.1875.[North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.141]
AMERICA / ORAZIO 1862
The AMERICA was a 2752 gross ton ship, length 318ft x beam 40ft, clipper
bows, one funnel, three masts (rigged for sails), iron hull, single screw
and a speed of 11 knots. Accommodation for 76-1st, 107-2nd and 480-steerage
class passengers. Built by Caird & Co, Greenock, she was launched
for North German Lloyd, Bremen
in Nov.1862. Her maiden voyage started on 25th May 1863 when she left
Bremen for Southampton and New York. In 1871 she was fitted with new engines
and on 27th Jan.1894 commenced her last round voyage from Bremen to New
York and Baltimore. Sold to Italy in 1894, she was renamed ORAZIO and
was scrapped the following year. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor,
vol.2,p.545]
AMERICA 1881
The AMERICA of 1881 was built by C.Mitchell & Co, Walker-on-Tyne for
the Carr Line of Hamburg. She was a 2,118 gross ton ship, length 298.4ft
x beam 36ft, one funnel, two masts, iron construction, single screw and
a speed of 10 knots. There was accommodation for 800-3rd class passengers.
Launched on 28/6/1881, she sailed on her maiden voyage from Hamburg to
New York on 1/9/1881. She commenced her third and last voyage when she
left Hamburg on 1/1/1882, sailed from New York on 1/2/1882 and went missing
with the loss of 34 lives. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.3,
p.1073]
AMERICA 1908
The AMERICA was a 8,996 gross ton ship, length 476.5ft x beam 55.7ft,
two funnels, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 16 knots. Accommodation
for 30-1st, 220-2nd and 2,400-3rd class passengers. Built by Cantieri
Navale Riuniti, Muggiano (engines by Wallsend Slipway Co), she was launched
for La Veloce on 1st Nov.1908
and was used on their New York service. Purchased by Navigazione
Generale Italiana in 1912, she started her first Genoa - Naples -
New York - Philadelphia voyage on 23rd Apr.1912. On 24th Dec.1916 she
started her 34th and last Genoa - New York sailing until after the war,
and resumed on 9th Feb.1919 when she left Genoa for Marseilles and New
York. Her last Genoa - Naples - New York voyage commenced 19th Nov.1923
and she then made two Genoa - Naples - Boston sailings in March and April
1924 before transferring to the South American service. Scrapped in 1928.
{North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.3,p.1118]
AMERICA 1917 see AMERIKA 1912
AMERICA / WEST POINT / AUSTRALIS
/ ITALIS 1939 There is a site on the AMERICA of 1939 under
her later name of AUSTRALIS. It gives a detailed history, photos and several
links to other sites. The URL is at - http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/australis/
Brief specifications are - 26,454 gross tons, length overall 723ft x
beam
93.5ft, two funnels, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 22 knots.
Accommodation for 516-1st, 371-cabin and 159-tourist class passengers.
Built
by Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Co. Launched 31/8/1939,
maiden
voyage 10/8/1940 New York - Caribbean Cruise. 1941 renamed WEST POINT
(US
troopship). 1946 renamed AMERICA and sailed New York - Cobh - Southampton
- Havre (later Cherbourg). 1964 sold to Chandris Line (Panama) and
renamed
AUSTRALIS. 1976 transferred to Greek flag. 1978 went to Venture Cruise
Line, New York and renamed AMERICA. August 1978 repurchased by Chandris
Line, renamed ITALIS. Forward funnel removed. Final details are found
at
the above URL.
AMERICAN BANKER 1924 see AROSA
KULM 1919
AMERICAN SHIPPER / TOURS / VILLE DE MONS 1920
The AMERICAN SHIPPER was a 7,430 gross ton ship, length 436.9ft x beam
58.2ft, one funnel, two masts, single screw, speed 15 knots, accommodation
for 80-tourist class passengers. Built by the American International Shipbuilding
Corp., Hog Island, Penn, (engines by General Electric Co., Schenectady,
NY), she was launched on 6th Jul.1920 as the U.S Army Transport TOURS.
In 1924 she was renamed AMERICAN SHIPPER for the American Merchant Line.,
fitted for 12-1st class passengers and started her first New York - London
voyage on 3rd Apr.1924. In 1926 her passenger accommodation was increased
to 80-tourist class and in 1931 she transferred to United States Lines.
4th Nov.1931 first voyage New York - Plymouth - Cherbourg - Hamburg. Oct.1932
last voyage New York - Hamburg - New York and then laid up until 1934.
21st Jul.1934 first voyage New York - Cobh - Liverpool - Manchester. 24th
Sep.1939 last voyage New York - Liverpool - Belfast (dep.12th Oct.) -
Boston - New York (arr.23rd Oct.). 27th Oct.1939 last voyage New York
- London (dep.15th Nov.) - New York (arr.26th Nov.). She was then sold
to Societe Maritime Anversoise, France and renamed VILLE DE MONS. On 2nd
Sep.1940 she was torpedoed and sunk by the German submarine U.47 NW of
Ireland. [North Atlantic Seaway, vol.4,p.1549]
AMERIKA / AMERICA / EDMUND B.
ALEXANDER 1912
The AMERIKA of 1912 was built by Harland & Wolff, Belfast in 1905
for the Hamburg America Line.
She was a 22,225 gross ton ship, length 669ft x beam 74.3ft, two funnels,
four masts, twin screw and a speed of 18 knots. There was passenger accommodation
for 386-1st, 150-2nd, 222-3rd and 1,750-4th class. She carried a crew
of 577. Launched on 20/4/1905, she was the largest ship in the world at
the time. On 11/10/1905 she sailed from Hamburg on her maiden voyage to
Dover, Cherbourg and New York. In 1907 she was rebuilt to 22,621 tons
and on 4/10/1912 collided with and sank the British submarine B.2 off
Dover with the loss of 15 lives. On 9/5/1914 she started her last Hamburg
- Southampton - Cherbourg - New York crossing and on 10/6/1914 she commenced
Hamburg - Boulogne - Southampton - Boston sailings. Her last voyage to
Boston commenced on 14/7/1914 (arr 24/7/1914) and she remained in Boston
until April 1917 when she was seized by the US authorities, renamed AMERICA
and was used as an army transport. Between 1917-18 she made 9 trooping
voyages to France and on 14/7/1918 collided with and sank the British
ship INSTRUCTOR with the loss of 16 lives. On Oct.15th 1918 she sank at
Hoboken pier during coaling due to bad trim with the loss of 6 lives,
and was refloated on 21/11/1918. She was laid up in September 1919 and
on 20/1/1920 she sailed from New York via Panama to Vladivostock (arr
20/4/1920) and embarked 6,500 troops for Trieste via Suez. On 8/9/1920
she arrived in New York with 2,666 emigrants from the Mediterranean. In
1921 she was converted to oil fuel and chartered to US Mail with accommodation
for 225-1st, 425-2nd and 1,500-3rd class passengers and on 25/6/1921 commenced
sailing between New York, Plymouth, Cherbourg and Bremen and commenced
her third and last voyage on this service on 27/8/1921. In late 1921 she
went to the United States Line and commenced her first voyage for these
owners on 28/9/1921 when she left New York for Plymouth, Cherbourg, Bremen,
Southampton, Cherbourg, Queenstown (Cobh) and New York. She was reconditioned
in June 1923 to 21,114 tons and with passenger accommodation for 692-cabin
and 1,056-3rd class. On March 10th 1926 she was gutted by fire while being
refitted at Newport News and was rebuilt to 21,329 tons, and with passenger
accommodation for 835-cabin, 516-tourist and 3rd class. She resumed New
York - Plymouth - Cherbourg - Bremen sailings on 21/3/1928 and on 25/8/1931
commenced her last Hamburg - Southampton - Cherbourg - New York (arr 4/9/1931)
crossing. She was then laid up in the reserve fleet at Chesapeake Bay
until 1940 when she became a US army accommodation ship for 1,200 troops
at St John's NF. In January 1941 she was renamed EDMUND B. ALEXANDER and
became a troop transport between New Orleans and Panama. At this time
she was only capable of 10 knots and in 1942-3 was rebuilt with one funnel,
her mast heights reduced and her engines converted by the Bethlehem Steel
Corp, Baltimore to give her a speed of 17 knots. She then operated between
New York and Europe with accommodation for 5,000 troops. In March 1946
she was altered to accommodate military dependents (904 adults and 314
children) between New York and Europe. In 1949 she was laid up at Baltimore
and in 1951 in the Hudson River. In January 1957 she was sold to the Bethlehem
Steel Corp, towed to Baltimore and scrapped. [North Atlantic Seaway bu
N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.411] [ Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.4, Hamburg
America Line]
AMERIQUE see IMPERATRICE
EUGENIE 1864
AMSTERDAM see BRITISH
CROWN 1879
AMSTERDAM 1880
2,949 gross tons, length 320.3ft x beam 39.1ft, one funnel,
two masts, iron hull, single screw, speed 10 knots, accommodation for
46-1st and 648-3rd class passengers. Launched on 17th Dec.1879 by A.
McMillan & Son, Dumbarton for Holland
America Line, she started her maiden
voyage on 27th Mar.1880 when she sailed from Rotterdam for New York.
On 29th Apr.1882 she commenced her first Amsterdam - New York voyage
and on 30th Jul.1884 was wrecked on Sable Island, Nova Scotia with the
loss of three lives. (North Atlantic Seaway, vol.3 by N.R.P.Bonsor)
AMSTERDAM 1894
The Great
Eastern Railway ship AMSTERDAM was a 1,745 gross ton ship, length
302.4ft x beam 36ft, two funnels, two masts, twin screw, speed 15 knots
and capacity for 218-1st and 120-2nd class passengers. Built in 1894 by
Earle's Shipbuilding Co, Hull, she was delivered in 1894 for the Harwich
- Hook of Holland service. In 1910 she transferred to the Harwich - Antwerp
route and between 1914-1918 was used as an armed boarding vessel in the
Downs off the Kent coast. Transferred to the London
& North Eastern Railway Co in 1923 and scrapped in 1928.
ANAPO 1913 see ARAWA
1884
ANCHORIA 1875
The ANCHORIA was built in 1875 by the Barrow Shipbuilding Co, Barrow for
their own company. She was 4,168 gross tons, length 408ft x beam 40.1ft,
straight stem, one funnel, three masts, iron construction, single screw
and a speed of 13 knots. There was passenger accommodation for 200-1st,
100-2nd and 800-3rd class. Launched on 27/10/1874, she left Glasgow on
her maiden voyage to Moville and New York on 2/10/1875. In 1887 she was
fitted with triple expansion engines and on 2/11/1893 was purchased by
the Anchor Line from the Barrow
Shipping Co. On 22/9/1904 she commenced her last Glasgow - Moville - New
York (arr 4/10/1904) - Glasgow voyage and on 18/4/1906 was sold to London
owners. Resold to the Hamburg America
Line, her engines were removed and she was used as a depot ship and
crew hostel. She was broken up in either 1925(Anchor Line) or 1932 (Bonsor)
in Germany. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.460] [Merchant
Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.9, Anchor Line]
ANCONA 1879
Official No.76194, tonnage 3,081 gross tons, length 380.9ft x beam 38.3ft,
one funnel, three masts (rigged for sail), iron hull, two cylinder compound
engine, speed 12.5 knots, accommodation for 130-1st and 54-2nd class passengers.
Launched on 22nd May 1879 by Caird & Co, Greenock (yard No.215) for P
& O Steam Navigation Co, she was one of a class of five ships built
for the Southampton - Australia Mail service. In Sep.1899 she was sold
to Hajee Cassum Joosub, Bombay and renamed TAHER. On 22nd Mar.1901 she
was wrecked near Port Louis, Mauritius while inward bound from Aden on
a P & O charter.[P & O. A Fleet History by Rabson & O'Donoghue]
ANCONA 1908
The ANCONA was owned by the Italia
Line of Genoa. She was a 8,188 gross ton ship, length 482.3ft x beam
58.3ft, one funnel, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 16 knots. Accommodation
for 60-1st and 2,500-3rd class passengers. Built by Workman Clark &
Co Ltd, Belfast, she was launched on 19th Dec.1907. Her maiden voyage
started on 26th Mar.1908 when she left Genoa for Naples, New York and
Philadelphia. In 1909 accommodation for 120-1st class passengers was added
and in Sep.1910 she was refitted to carry 60-1st and 120-2nd class. On
7th Nov.1915 she was torpedoed and sunk by an Austrian submarine south
of Sardinia while on passage from Italy to New York with the loss of 206
lives. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.3,p.1383]
ANCONA 1915 see ARABIA
1897
ANDALUCIA / ANDALUCIA STAR 1926
Built for Blue Star Line by Cammel
Laird, Birkenhead as the ANDALUCIA, she was a 12,846 gross ton ship, length
535ft x beam 68.2ft, two funnels, two masts, twin screw and a speed of
16 knots. She was one of five sister ships and had spacious accommodation
for 180-1st class passengers only. Designed for the refigerated meat trade
between London and the River Plate ports, she also called at Madeira,
Rio de Janeiro and Santos. Launched on 21st Sept.1926, she was completed
on Mar.1st 1927 and commenced service that year. In May 1929 she was renamed
ANDALUCIA STAR and in 1937 was rebuilt to 14,943 tons and a length of
597 feet and her passenger accommodation reduced to 150-1st class. On
Oct.7th 1942, she was torpedoed and sunk by the German submarine U.107,
while 400 miles west of Monrovia, with the loss of four lives. All five
of these sister ships were torpedoed and sunk during the war, two with
heavy loss of life. [Great Passenger Ships of the World by Arnold Kludas,
vol.3]
ANDALUSIA 1896
The ANDALUSIA was built in 1896 by Palmers Co Ltd, Jarrow-on-Tyne for
the Hamburg America Line. She
was a 5,457 gross ton ship, length 397.8ft x beam 50ft, one funnel, two
masts, steel construction, single screw and a speed of 13 knots. There
was accommodation for 20-1st and 1,200-3rd class passengers. Launched
on 1st Sep.1896, she sailed on her maiden voyage from Hamburg to New York
on 6th Jan.1897. She started her eighth and last voyage on this service
on 4th Dec.1897 and was then transferred to the Far East service. In 1900
she was used as a German troopship during the Boxer Rebellion in China.
Seized by US authorities in Manila in April 1917 and operated by the US
Shipping Board, she was eventually scrapped in 1925. [North Atlantic Seaway
by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.403][Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.4, Hamburg
America Line]
ANDANIA 1913
The ANDANIA was a 13,405 gross ton ship, length 520.3ft x beam 64ft, two
funnels, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 15 knots. There was accommodation
for 520-2nd and 1,540-3rd class passengers. Built by Scott's Shipbuilding
& Engineering Co, Greenock, she was launched for the Cunard
Steamship Co on 22nd Mar.1913. On 14th Jul.1913 she sailed on her
maiden voyage from Liverpool for Southampton, Quebec and Montreal. On
19th Aug.1913 she commenced her first London - Southampton - Quebec -
Montreal sailing and in Jan.1914 started the first of three Liverpool
- Queenstown - Portland - Boston sailings. She resumed London - Southampton
- Quebec - Montreal service in Apr.1914 and between Oct.1914 and Mar.1916
was used as a troop transport. She resumed London - New York sailings
on 18th Mar 1916 and on 31st Jan.1917 commenced her first Liverpool -
New York voyage. She was torpedoed and sunk by the German submarine U.46
near Rathlin Light, Ireland on 27th Jan.1918 with the loss of 7 lives.
[North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.59][Great Passenger Ships
of the World by Arnold Kludas, vol.2,p.16]
ANDANIA 1921
13,950 gross tons, length 538ft x beam 65.3ft, one funnel, two masts,
twin screw, speed 15 knots, accommodation for 484-cabin class and 1,222-3rd
class passengers. Launched on 1st Nov.1921 by Hawthorn, Leslie & Co.,
Hebburn-on-Tyne for Cunard Line,
Liverpool, she started her maiden voyage on 1st June 1922 when she sailed
from Southampton for Quebec and Montreal. On 18th Nov.1924 she transferred
to Hamburg - Southampton - Halifax - New York sailings and commenced her
last New York voyage on 26th Oct.1926. Her first Liverpool - Greenock
- Belfast - Quebec - Montreal voyage started on 29th Apr.1927 and she
continued these sailings until 1939 when she was converted to an Armed
Merchant Cruiser. On 16th Jun.1940 she was torpedoed and sunk by the German
submarine UA (Cohausz) about 230 miles WNW ot the Faroe Islands in position
62.36N 15.09W with no loss of life. [North Atlantic Seaway, vol.1,p.164
by N.R.P.Bonsor]
ANDES / ATLANTIS 1913
The ANDES was a 15,620 gross ton ship, length 590ft x beam 65.3ft, (179.83m
x 19.91m), one funnel, two masts, triple screw, speed 17 knots. Accommodation
for 380-1st, 250-2nd and 700-3rd class passengers. Built by Harland &
Wolff, Belfast, she was launched for Royal
Mail Steam Packet Co on 8th May 1913. She strted her maiden voyage
for Pacific Steam Navigation Co on 26th Sep.1913 when she left Liverpool
for Valparaiso, and subsequently sailed between Southampton and Buenos
Aires with calls at Lisbon, Rio de Janeiro and Montevideo. Used as an
Armed Merchant Cruiser in WWI, she was engaged in a battle with the German
raider GREIF, which was sunk. Used on convoy escort work and then used
to repatriate British submarine crews trapped at Murmansk. Reconditioned
in 1919, she resumed River Plate services until 1929 when she was refitted
as a cruising liner for 450-1st class passengers and renamed ATLANTIS.
Converted to a hospital ship in 1939, she was initially based at Alexandria,
used in the Norwegian evacuation in 1940 and then sent to the Indian Ocean
for the next two years. She took part in the Madagascar campaign in 1942
and in 1943 repatriated Italian prisoners of war to Lisbon and Germans
to Gothenburg. She continued hospital and repatriation duties until 1946,
was reconditioned to carry 900-3rd class passengers and used to carry
emigrants from the UK to Australia and New Zealand. Laid up in 1952, she
was scrapped the same year. [Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.5, Royal
Mail Line]
ANDRIA 1948
Launched 30th May 1947 as Silverbriar for Silver Line Ltd. 1948 entered the round-the-world service.
1952 to Cunard and started first voyage for Cunard 17th April London - Havre - New York.
1963 sold to China Union Lines renamed Union Faith
1969 on 7th April she collided with three oil barges being towed by the tug Warren J. Doucet off New Orleans. The spillage caught fire and engulfed the Union Faith with the loss of 26 lives including the barge crew. The ship sank off Poydras Wharf, New Orleans and was demolished as she lay.
ANGELINA LAURO / ANGELINA see ORANJE
1938
ANGELO 1874
The ANGELO was built in 1874 by Humphrey and Pearson, Hull for the Wilson
Line of Hull. She was a 1,547 gross ton ship, length 258.8ft x beam
33.6ft, one funnel, three masts. Used for Scandinavia / Baltic to UK services.
Sold for scrapping to White & White in 1906.
ANGLIA 1869
The ANGLIA was built by A.Stephen & Sons, Glasgow (engines by Finnieston
Steamship Works, Glasgow) in 1869 for the Anchor
Line. She was a 2,253 gross ton ship, length 325.3ft x beam 35ft,
clipper stem, one funnel, three masts (rigged for sail), iron construction,
single screw and a speed of 12 knots. There was capacity for 100-1st class,
80-intermediate and 700-steerage passengers. Launched on 23rd Oct.1869,
she sailed from Glasgow on her maiden voyage to Moville (Ireland) and
New York on 29th Jan.1870. Her 39th and last voyage on this service started
on 5th Aug.1874 and between 1874-76 she made five Glasgow - Mediterranean
- New York - Glasgow voyages. Between 1876-78 she completed 12 London
- New York round voyages, 1878-79 Glasgow - Liverpool - Bombay (3 Round
Voyages), 1879 Glasgow - Mediterranean - New York - Glasgow (2 Round Voyages).
In May 1880 she instituted a new London - Halifax - Boston service, but
on the 3rd homeward crossing from Boston, she collided with the barque
TRONGATE in the Atlantic and sank on 6th Sept.1880 with 200 head of cattle
on board. All passengers and crew were taken off safely. [North Atlantic
Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.455][Merchant Fleets by Duncan Haws, vol.9,
Anchor Line]
ANGLOMAN 1892
4,892 gross tons, length 403.8ft x beam 45.6ft, one funnel,
four masts, single screw, speed 11 knots. Cargo steamer with limited
passenger accommodation. Launched on 6th Feb.1892 by Laird Bros, Birkenhead
for British & North Atlantic SS Co., she was chartered to Warren
Line and made her maiden voyage on 12th Apr.1892 for this company from Liverpool
to Boston. On 7th May 1896 she was chartered to Dominion
Line and started
the first of five Liverpool - Quebec - Montreal voyages for Dominion.
Her last voyage on this service commenced 24th Sep.1896 and she then
reverted to Warren Line's Liverpool - Boston route. On 9th Feb.1897 she
was wrecked near Holyhead, North Wales with no loss of life. [North Atlantic
Seaway, vol.2 by N.R.P.Bonsor]
ANGLO SAXON 1856
The ANGLO-SAXON was built by Wm Denny & Bros, Dumbarton in 1856 for
the Allan Line. She was a 1,715
gross ton ship, length 283ft x beam 35.2ft, clipper stem, one funnel,
three masts(rigged for sail), iron construction, single screw and a speed
of 10 knots. There was accommodation for 75-1st and 350-3rd class passengers.
Laid down as the SAXON, she was launched on 8/4/1856 as the ANGLO-SAXON
and sailed from Liverpool on her maiden voyage to Quebec and Montreal
on 4/6/1856. She returned home in 10.5 days, and made her second homeward
crossing in 9 days 23 hours. It has been stated that on a later occasion,
she reached the Rock Light, Liverpool from Quebec in 9 days, 5 hours.
On 27/4/1863 she was wrecked in fog, near Cape Race with the loss of 238
lives. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.308]
ANNA KIMBALL 1852
The 'Anna Kimball' was a 848 ton, two-decked ship which was built in 1852
in Marblehead. She sailed under American flag and was owned by Kimball
& Co. The port to which she belonged was Beverly.
"Anna Kimball." The following is copied from the "Ship Registers of Boston,
MA 1851-1860," WPA 1940, p. 68:246. Anna Kimball,
ship, of Beverly. Registered at Boston Feb. 23, 1852 - temporary.
Built at Marblehead, Mass., in 1852. 484 88/95 tons; length 161 ft. 2
1/2 in., breadth 33 ft. 10 in., depth 16 ft. 11 in. Master: Joseph
Webster. Owners: Edmund Kimball, Wenham, Mass. Two decks,
three masts, square stern, a billethead. Certificate of Henry T.
Ewell, the builder, on file at Boston. (vol. 52 pp 56) 267.
. . .(the same except for...) registered at Boston April 1, 1858 - temporary..
. .Master: Charles Marsh. Owners; Edmund Kimball 19/24, Wenham,
Mass.,; Charles Marsh 3/24, Newburyport, Mass.; Thornton B. Rennell
2/24, Philadelphia, Penn. . . .Previously temporarily registered
#713 at New York, Nov. 26, 1856. Now cancelled, property partly
changed (vol. 58 pp 90) We also have a brief log from the Anna Kimball,
May-June 1864 which includes some insurance records and accounts of Capt.
E. Lewis (1865), and further accounts: invoice - sales 1855 from Master
Samuel B. Pike.
ANNA SALEN see MORMACLAND
1939
ANTENOR 1896 / FORTUNATO
5531 gross tons, length 422ft x beam 49ft, one funnel, single screw, speed
10 knots. Built 1896 by Workman, Clark & Co, Belfast for the Blue
Funnel Line who sailed to the Far East and Australia. 1914 transferred
to the Dutch subsidiary company N.S.M.'Oceaan', but later returned to
the parent company. 1918 torpedoed in the Mediterranean but made port,
1925 sold to Industrie Navale S.A., Genoa and renamed FORTUNATO, 1926
scrapped in Italy.
ANTONIA / WAYLAND 1921
The ANTONIA was a 13,867 gross ton ship, length 519.9ft x beam 65.3ft,
one funnel, two masts, twin screw and a speed of 15 knots. Accommodation
for 500-cabin and 1,200-3rd class passengers. Built by Vickers Ltd, Barrow,
she was launched for the Cunard Line
on 11th Mar.1921. Her maiden voyage started on 15th Jun.1922 when she
sailed from London for Southampton, Quebec and Montreal. In July 1927
she was refitted to carry cabin, tourist and 3rd class passengers and
on 14th Apr,1928 started her first Liverpool - Greenock - Belfast - Quebec
- Montreal sailing. Converted to an Armed Merchant Cruiser in 1940, she
was sold to the British Admiralty in Mar.1942, converted to a repair ship
and renamed WAYLAND. Scrapped at Troon, Scotland in 1948. [North Atlantic
Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.165]
ANTONINA / HAIMON / ANCONA / PIRANGY 1898
Built by Blohm & Voss, Hamburg in 1898 for the Hamburg
South America Line. Her details were - 4,010 gross tons, length 361.1ft
x beam 44.8ft, one funnel, two masts, single screw and a speed of 12 knots.
There was passenger accommodation for 28-1st and 704-3rd class. Launched
on 18/6/1898, she sailed from Hamburg on her maiden voyage to Brazil on
25/8/1898. In 1901 she was chartered to Italia Line and sailed between
Genoa and the River Plate ports. Purchased by the Hamburg
America Line in 1904, she commenced sailing between Hamburg and Para
in 1905. On 30/4/1912 she started her first Hamburg - New York voyage
and made three North Atlantic crossings, the last starting on 18/4/1914
when she left Hamburg for Boston. In 1914 she was interned at Tampico,
Mexico for the duration of the Great War, and in 1920 was towed to Hamburg
in a damaged condition. Repaired and surrendered to Britain in 1921, she
was sold to German owners in 1922 and renamed HAIMON. In 1927 she was
again renamed ANCONA and in 1928 went to Brazilian owners, who renamed
her PIRANGY. She was finally scrapped in 1960. [North Atlantic Seaway
by N.R.P.Bonsor, vol.1,p.414] [South Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor,
p.208]
ANTONIO DELFINO / SIERRA NEVADA / EMPIRE HALLADALE 1921
Built 1921 in
Hamburg as the ANTONIO DELFINO for the Hamburg
South America Line, she
was a 13,589 gross ton ship, twin screw, speed 13 knots with accommodation
for 184-1st, 334-2nd and 1,368-3rd class passengers. Used on the Hamburg
- River Plate service until 1932 when she was chartered to North
German Lloyd and renamed SIERRA NEVADA. At the end of the charter in 1934 she
reverted to ANTONIO DELFINO and in 1940 commenced service as a naval
accommodation ship at Kiel. 1943 transferred to Gdynia. 1944 used as
flagship for officer commanding submarines at Gotenhafen. 1945 transferred
over 20,500 refugees from the German eastern territories to the west.
May 1945 taken over by British forces at Copenhagen and refitted as a
troopship. Nov.1945 allocated to the Ministry of War Transport, managed
by Anchor Line and renamed EMPIRE HALLADALE. Oct.1955 laid up and 1956
sold for scrapping at Dalmuir.
AORANGI 1922
The AORANGI was built by Fairfields, Govan in 1922 for the Union
SS Co of New Zealand's Canadian-Australian Line. She was a 17,491
gross ton motorship, length 600ft x beam 43.4ft, two funnels, two masts,
four propellers and a speed of 18.5 knots. There was accommodation for
440-1st, 300-2nd and 230-3rd class passengers. Launched on 17th Jun.1924,
she sailed from Southampton to Vancouver to take up her designated route
and then started her maiden voyage on 6th Feb.1925 when she left Vancouver
for Honolulu, Suva, Auckland, Wellington and Sydney. Refitted in 1932
to carry 433-1st, 272-cabin and 165-3rd class and in 1938 to carry 248-1st,
266-cabin and 125-3rd class passengers. She continued on the same service,
but in Oct.1940 was diverted to take New Zealand troops to Fiji, before
returning to her normal route. In the summer of 1941 she was requisitioned
by the Ministry of War Transport, sailed to the UK and was converted for
trooping. She carried reinforcements to Singapore, refugees from there
to Australia, and then made trooping voyages to India, the Middle East
and the Mediterranean as well as bringing US and Canadian troops to Europe.
She later acted as a depot ship in the Solent for a fleet of about 150
tugs and auxiliary ships during the Normandy invasion. This entailed supplying
them with food, water, ammunition, engine spares as well as relief crews,
medical supplies and acting as a hospital ship. After this, she was converted
to act as the commodore ship for the British Pacific Fleet. After the
Japanese surrrender, she was used at Hong Kong as an accommodation ship
for men released from war service and waiting to go home. Returned to
her owners, she arrived at Sydney on 14th Apr.1946 and was refitted. However,
due to labour troubles, the refit wasn't completed until Aug.1948. She
resumed service on 16th Sep.1948, but was still plagued with union troubles
amongst her stewards and seamen, and she consistently ran at a loss. Subsidized
by the Australian, New Zealand and Canadian governments, she continued
to run until she arrived at Sydney on 4th Jun.1953. She then sailed to
Scotland where she was scrapped.[Steamers of the Past by Capt.J.H.Isherwood,
Sea Breezes Magazine, Aug.1975]
AQUITANIA 1913
Built by John Brown & Co, Glasgow in 1913 for the Cunard
Steamship Co. She was a 45,647 gross ton ship, overall length 901.5ft
x beam 97ft (274,77m x 29,56m), four funnels, two masts, four screws and
a speed of 23 knots. There was accommodation for 597-1st, 614-2nd and
2,052-3rd class passengers. Launched on 21st Apr.1913, she started her
maiden voyage between Liverpool and New York on 30th May 1914. Her third
and last voyage before the Great War, started on 11th Jul.1914 and she
was then fitted out as an Armed Merchant Cruiser. In Aug.1914 she was
slightly damaged in collision near the Irish coast, returned to Liverpool
and was laid up until 1915. At various times between 1915 and 1919 she
was used as a troopship, hospital ship and laid up. Her first voyage after
the Armistice started 19th Feb.1919 when she was used to repatriate troops
from Liverpool and Brest to New York and she made three voyages on this
service. She resumed commercial voyages on 14th Jun.1919 when she left
Southampton for Halifax and New York. Between Dec.1919 and July 1920 she
was converted from coal to oil burning and resumed the Liverpool - New
York route on 17th Jul.1920. On 14th Aug.1920 she transferred to the Southampton
- Cherbourg - New York service and in 1927 was refitted to carry 1st,
2nd, tourist and 3rd class passengers. In Oct.1931 she became a 1st, tourist
and 3rd class ship. In Oct.1931 she made the first ever North Atlantic
turnround in two weeks when she left Southampton for New York on 7th Oct.
and again on 21st Oct. In Feb.1936 she became cabin, tourist and 3rd class
and started her last peacetime voyage between Southampton and New York
on 23rd Aug.1939. Between 1939 and 1948 she served as a troopship and
on 25th May 1948 started her first Southampton - Halifax voyage with war
brides, later with emigrants, making 25 round voyages on this service.
Her last sailing started 14th Nov.1949 when she left Southampton for Halifax
and she made a total of 443 round voyages on the North Atlantic. She was
scrapped at Faslane, Scotland in 1950. [North Atlantic Seaway by N.R.P.Bonsor,
vol.1,p.159]
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